Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *dāiw-er-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: husband's brother

Old Indian: devár- m. `husband's brother'

Armenian: taigr `der Bruder des Gattes'

Old Greek: dāḗr, acc. -éra m. `Bruder des Gattes, Schwager'

Slavic: *dēverь

Baltic: *deîwē̃ (-er-es) (1) m., *deîwer-iā̃ (1) f.

Germanic: *taikr-a- (*taikēr) m.

Latin: lēvir, -ī m. `des Mannes Bruder, Schwager'

Russ. meaning: деверь

References: WP I 767

Proto-IE: *dām-

Meaning: tribe, family

Old Greek: dǟ̂mo-s m. `Gau, Land (im Gegensatz zur Stadt) Volk'

Celtic: OIr dām `Gefolgschaft, Schar', Ir dámh `atribe, family, kindred, relationship'; OCymr dauu `cliens', NCymr daw, dawf `Schwiegersohn'

Russ. meaning: племя, род, семья

References: WP I 764

Proto-IE: *dām-

Meaning: fat

Armenian: tamuk `feucht, benetzt', tamkanam `madefio, hügrá́i̯nō'

Old Greek: d[ǟ]mó-s `Fett von Tieren und Menschen'

Albanian: δjamɛ `Fett, Speck, Talg'

Russ. meaning: жир

References: WP I 763 f

Proto-IE: *dāwe-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to burn, to roast

Tokharian: A twās-, B tu-, twās- (PT *tu-, twesā-) 'kindle, ignite, light' (Adams 298)

Old Indian: dunoti , dūyate `to burn, to be burnt', ptc. dūná-; dāvá- m. `conflagration, fire'

Old Greek: dái̯ō, aor. dâu̯sai̯ `eŋkaûsai' (Hsch.) `anzünden', pf. dédǟa, aor. daē̂nai̯, lakon. ekdawē̂i̯ <ekdabē̂i> ekkauthē̂i̯ (Hsch.), ptc. dedau̯méno- `lodern, brennen', dáos n. `Fackel', dānó- `trocken' (< *dawesnó-), daeló-s, dāló-s `Feuerbrand'; dáu̯ak-s <dáu̯akes> `головня, голо вешка' (Hsch.); daēró- <daērón> `горячий, kau̯matērós, светлый, ясный' (Hsch.), daēthmó-s (~ -ó-n) <daēthmón> `пожар' (Hsch.)

Baltic: *deû- (2) vb. tr., *dǖ- vb. intr.

Germanic: *tu-sk-ia- vb.

Celtic: OIr dōim `senge, brenne'; gen. condid `Brennholz'; MIr connad, condud `Brennholz'; Cymr cynneu `anzünden'; cynnud `Feuerung', Corn kunys `Brennholz', Bret keuneud `Brennholz'

Russ. meaning: жечь, держать на огне

References: WP I 767 f

Proto-IE: *dāy-

Meaning: to divide

Old Indian: dāti, dyáti `to cut, divide, reap, mow', dáyate `to divide', ptc. diná-, dita-; ava-tta- `cut off, divided', díti- f. `distributing', dā́na- n. `cutting off, splitting, dividing', dāyá- n. `share, portion, inheritance', dā́tu- n. `part, division', dātár- m. `mowing, mower', dātrá- n. `allotted portion, share', dā́tra- n. `a sort of sickle or crooked knife'; dayā́ f. `sympathy, compassion'

Other Iranian: NPers dāra `Gehalt', dās `Sichel'

Old Greek: dái̯omai̯ `(ver)teilen', va. á-dato- (Hsch.); dái̯nǖmi, aor. dâi̯sai̯ `bewirten', med. `schmausen'; dái̯s, -tós f. `Portion, Speise, Mahlzeit', dái̯tǟ, dai̯tǘ-s, -ǘos `id.'; gortyn. dai̯si-s f. `Verteilung (des Eigentums), daitró-s `Zerleger, Vorschneider', sün-dái̯tōr m. `conviva', dai̯tró-n n. `Anteil, Portion'; dai̯thmo-s (Inschr.) m. `Verteilung, verteiltes Land'; lago-dátǟ-s etc.; dái̯mōn, -onos m., f. `göttliche Macht, Geschick, Gott'; daízdō, aor. daíksai̯ `zerschneiden, durchbohren'; datéomai̯, aor. dá(s)sasthai̯, pf. dédasmai̯ `unter sich verteilen, (zu)teilen'

Russ. meaning: делить

References: WP I 763 f

Proto-IE: *de

Meaning: part./conj.

Old Greek: dè 'aber', dḗ 'eben, nun, gerade', dái̯ hinter Fragewörtern '(was) denn?'

Slavic: *dā

Baltic: *da, *dā

Latin: quan-de, quam-de 'wann', in-de 'woher'; *-dām (quīdam, quondam), dum 'noch', conj. 'während, indes', -dum (nōndum, etiam dum usw.), dummodō, dumnē usw.; -dem; dōnec, dōnique, OLat dōnicum 'so lange als'; quan-dō

Other Italic: Osk pan, Umbr pane, 'quam', Osk pún, Umbr pon(n)e 'quom', Umbr ne-rsa 'donec'; Osk ísídum 'idem'

Russ. meaning: частица, союз

References: WP I 769 f

Comments: See other derivations in WP.

Proto-IE: *debh-, *deb-, *dep-

Meaning: to press, to rumple

Armenian: tophel 'schlagen'

Old Greek: déphō 'to soften (by workng with the hand)'

Slavic: *depītī, *depъtātī

Germanic: *ti[b]-ō- vb., *tip-ja- vb.

Russ. meaning: давить, мять

Proto-IE: *deik'e-, -g'-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to show

Hittite: tekkussai- (I) 'zeigen, präsentieren' (Friedrich 220)

Old Indian: dídeṣṭi, diśáti, ptc. diṣṭá- `to point out, show'; diṣṭi- f. `direction, prescription'; diś- f. `quarter or region pointed at, direction', diśā f. `direction, region', deśá- m. `point, region, part'; deśinī f. `the index or forefinger'

Avestan: daēs- `zeigen; jemandem etwas zuweisen, zusprechen'

Old Greek: déi̯knǖmi, dei̯knǘō (kret. diknüti), aor. dêi̯ksai̯, pf. med. dédei̯gmai̯ `zeigen'; dêi̯ksi-s; dêi̯gma `Probe, Warenhalle', dei̯ktḗrio-n `Schauplatz', déi̯ktǟ-s nomen agentis; déi̯kelo-n `изображение'; ari-déi̯keto- `ausgezeichnet' (Hom.+); díkǟ f. `Weise, Sitte, Recht, Rechts-verhandlung, -sache, Strafe'

Baltic: *teîg- (-ja-) vb., *taig-ā̂- vb.

Germanic: *tī́x-a- vb., *tīg-n-á- m., *tix-t-i- c., etc.; *taik-n-a- m., n., *taik-n-i- c.

Latin: dīcō (OLat -ei-), -ere, dīxī (OLat -ei-), dictum `sprechen, aussprechen, verkündigen, reden, singen; festsetzen, bestimmen; (er)nennen', dictāre `wiederholt sagen, diktieren, befehlen'; dicāre `feierlich verkünden'; dictiō, -ōnis f. `Aussprechen, Redeweise, Rede', dicāx, -cis `redegewand t, witzig'; causi-dicus `Sachwalter'; index, -icis m. `Anzeiger, Angeber'; iūdex `Richter'; diciō, -ōnis f. `Gewalt, Botmässigkeit, Gerichtsbarkeit'; dicis causā `um dem Scein des Rechts zu genügen; nur zur Form'

Other Italic: Osk deíkum, deicum `dicere', deicans `dicant', dicust `dixerit'; dadíkatted `dedicavit', Umbr tikamne `*dicamine, dedicatione'; teitu, deitu `dicitō'; dersicust `dixerit', tic̨el `dedicatio',

Russ. meaning: показывать, указывать (на нарушение закона)

References: WP I 776 f

Comments: Baltic has a contamination with the root *teik-.

Proto-IE: *deip-

Meaning: sacrificial beast

Armenian: ? tvar `Schafbock, Schafherde, Kalb, Stier, Ochs, Färse, Herde von Grossvieh'

Old Greek: dêi̯pno-n n. `Mahlzeit, bes. Hauptmahlzeit'

Germanic: *tib-rá- n., *tibr-ia- n.; *tī[b]-r=

Russ. meaning: жертвенное животное

References: WP II 764 f

Proto-IE: *deiw-, *dyew-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: god, heaven

Hittite: siu-, siun-, siuni-, siwann-, siwanni- c. 'Gott' (Friedrich 194)

Old Indian: dyāu-ḥ (diyāu-ḥ), gen. diváḥ/dyoḥ, dat. divé, acc. dyā́m, loc. dyávi, diví, pl. in. dyúbhiḥ `heaven, sky'; divyá-, diviá- `heavenly, divine', devá- m. `god', devī́- f. `goddess'

Avestan: daēva- 'Dämon'

Old Greek: Zdéu̯-s, böot., lakon. Déu̯s, gen. Diós, dat. Dií, acc. Zdē̂n, Día, voc. Zdêu̯; dī̂o- `zum Himmel gehörig, göttlich'

Slavic: *dīvъ, *dīvьnъ(jь), *dīvo, gen. -ese

Baltic: *deĩw-a- m., *deĩw-iā̃ f.

Germanic: *tī́w-a- m.

Latin: Juppiter, gen. Jovis (OLat Diovis) `Juppiter, Gott des himmlischen Lichtes', Diēspiter `id.'; dīus, -a `himmlisch, göttlich', dīum `Himmelsraum'; sub dīō `unter freiem Himmel'; Diāna f. `italische Frauenund Geburts-, Mond- und Jagdgöttin'; deus (OLat deivos), -ī `Gott', dea (OLat deiva, dēva) f. `Göttin'; dīvus, -a `Gottheit', adj. `göttlich', dīvīnus, -a `göttlich', dīves, -itis (/dītis) `reich fliessend, kostbar'

Other Italic: Osk diúveí `Iovī', diuvilam `*iovilam', iúvilas `*iovilae', iúviia `Ioviam'; deívaí `divae', deivinais `divinis'; Umbr voc. iupater, dat. iuvepatri; di `Juppiter', dei `Iovem'; iuve `Iovī', iuvie, iouie `Ioviō'; Paelign Ioviois puclois `Ioviīs puerīs', Marr gen. ioues `Iovis', iouias `Iovī', Mars Iove `Iovī', Vest Iovio `Ioviō', Pic Iuve `Iovī'

Celtic: Gall Dēvona, Dēvo-gnāta; OIr dia, gen. dē `Gott', OCymr duiu-(tit) `Gott(heit)', MCymr, NCymr duw, OCorn duy, Bret doué `Gott'

Russ. meaning: бог, небо (и `день' в контам. с *dejʌ-)

References: WP I 772 f

Proto-IE: *dek'-

Meaning: to acquire, gain; respect, thank

Old Indian: daśā f. `state or condition of life, condition, circumstances, fate'; dāśnóti, dā́ṣṭi, dā́śati `to serve or honour a god, offer, present', dāśváṁs- `honouring the gods'; daśasyáti `to render service, serve, worship'; dakṣati `to act to the satisfaction of', dákṣa- `able, fit, passable'

Avestan: dāṣṭa- `erhalten, erlangt', dasa- n. `Gegenstand der fahrenden Habe, Vermögennsstück'

Old Greek: dékhomai̯, 3 pl. dékhatai̯ (Hom.), protí-degmai̯ `prosdékhomai' (Hsch.), aor. déksasthai̯, ep. edégmǟn, dékto, ptc. dégmeno-; [ dokó-s m. `Balken' ], dokhós `Behälter', -deksi-s `Aufnahme, Empfang'; -déktōr der etwas auf sich nimmt'; dektḗr `Einnehmer', déktǟ-s m. `Almosenempfänger, Bettler'; hom. 3 pl. d[ē]dékhatai̯, ipf. d[ḗ]dekto, d[ē]dékhato (codd. dei-) `begrüssen, bewillkommen'; iter. d[ē]dísketo, d[ē]diskómeno- (codd. deid-); d[ē]knǘmeno-, d[ē]kanóōnto (codd. dei-) `huldigen, grüssen'

Slavic: *desītī, *dosī́tī

Germanic: *tix-ɵ=

Latin: decet, -ēre, -uit `einen zieren, kleiden; sich für jd. schicken, geziemen', decus, -oris n. `Zierde, Schmuck, Würde'; dī̆gnus, -ä `würdig, wert'

Other Italic: Umbr tic̨it `decet'

Celtic: MIr dech `der beste, vorzüglichste'

Russ. meaning: получать; почтительно относиться, благодарить

References: WP I 782 f

Proto-IE: *de, *do

Meaning: prep./adv.: to

Avestan: vaēsmǝn-da 'zum Haus hin'

Old Greek: -de in hó-de, hǟ́-de, hó-de 'der hier' (ich-deiktisch), enthá-de usw., dómon-de, ói̯kon dé usw., dé-u̯ro 'hierher'

Slavic: *do

Baltic: *da

Germanic: *tō, *ta

Latin: endo prp., prf. (arch.) = in

Celtic: OIr do, OCymr di

References: WP 769 f

Comments: Cf. *ad.

Proto-IE: *dek'om, *dek'^em-; *(d)k'^em-t-o-

Meaning: num.: ten; hundert

Tokharian: A śäk, B śak (PT *śäk) 'ten' ( < *gek'mt) (Adams 619); A känt, B kante (PT *känte) 'hundred' (Adams 139)

Old Indian: dáśa `ten', śatá `hundred'

Avestan: dasa; satǝm

Old Greek: déka; wíkati; hekatón

Slavic: *desę̄tь; *sъto

Baltic: *dečim̃t-; *čim̃t-a- c.

Germanic: *tíxun, *tíxan; {*xundV-; pl. *tigjus}

Latin: decem; vī=ginti, trī=gintī; centum

Other Italic: Umbr desen-(duf) '(duo-)decem'

Celtic: OIr deich n., Cymr deg, Corn., Bret dek; OIr cēt, Cymr cant, Bret kant, Corn cans

Russ. meaning: десять; сто

References: WP I 758 f

Proto-IE: *dek's-

Meaning: right

Old Indian: dákṣina-, dakṣiná- `right, southern, able, clever, dexterous'

Avestan: dašina- 'rechts'

Old Greek: deksió- `zur Rechten befindlich, rechts, glückverheissend, geschickt'; deksiteró- `zur Rechten befindlich'

Slavic: *desnъ(jь)

Baltic: *deč-in-a- adj., *deč-in-iā̃ f.

Germanic: *tixs-w-a- adj.

Latin: dexter, -t(e)ra `rechts; glückbringend, günstig, gewandt'

Other Italic: Osk destrst `dextra est'; Umbr destram-e `in dextram', testru sese `dextrorsum'

Celtic: OIt dess `rechts, südlich'; Cymr deheu `ds.'; Gaul Dexsiva `dea'

Albanian: djáthtë 'right'

Russ. meaning: правый

References: WP I 784

Proto-IE: *del-, *dul- (?)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to shake, to hesitate

Old Indian: dulā́ f. `the shaking one', dolayati `to swing, throw up, shake to and fro', dola-, dolita- `swinging, swung, tossed'

Baltic: *del̃-s- vb. tr.

Germanic: *til-t=, *tul-t=, *tal-t=

Russ. meaning: качаться, колебаться, медлить

References: WP I 809

Proto-IE: *delk-, -g-

Meaning: stick, branch

Slavic: *dolgā (> SrbKro dial. dlaga 'Brett zum Schienen gebrochener Knochen', Czech dlāha 'Schiene, Fussbrett, Unterlage des Bodens'

Germanic: *tilg-a- m., n., *tilx-a- m., *tilx-ō f., *tilg-ō f.

Russ. meaning: палка, ветка

References: WP I 809 f

Proto-IE: *delt-

Meaning: board

Old Greek: délto-s, cypr. dálto-s `Schreibtafel'

Germanic: *tild-á- n.; *tild-ō-, *tild-a- vb.

Russ. meaning: доска (широкая)

References: WP I 810

Proto-IE: *del(w)-

Meaning: to work up

Armenian: toɫ `Einprägung, Eindruck, Zeichen, Vers', taɫem `präge ein, brenne ein'

Old Greek: dái̯dalo-n n. `kunstvolle Arbeit, Zierat', dái̯dalo- `kunstfertig, kunstvoll', dai̯dállō `kunstvoll arbeiten, verzieren'

Germanic: *tull-a- m., *tull-(i)ōn- f.

Latin: dolāre `behauen, bearbeiten; mit dem Knüttel bearbeiten, prügeln; (eine List) schmieden; futuere'

Celtic: *delw-, *dolw- > OIr delb `Gestalt, Form'; dolb(a)id `form', doilbthid `figulus'; OCymr delu `imago, figura, effigies', Cymr delw `imago, figura, effigies'

Russ. meaning: обрабатывать

References: WP I 809 f

Proto-IE: *dema-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to build

Tokharian: ? A, B tsäm- 'grow; cause to grow, promote' (Adams 735)

Old Greek: démō, aor. dẹ̄̂mai̯, pf. med. dédmǟmai̯, va. neó-dmǟto- `bauen'; démas n. `Körperbau, Gestall', domǟ́ `id.', dōmáō (~ -é-);

Germanic: *tim-r-a- n.; *tim-r-ia- vb.

Russ. meaning: строить

References: WP I 786 f

Comments: Probably same root as *dom- 'house'.

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